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Home » Raw Herbs ยป Leaves

Spinacia oleracea  L.

   

Botanical Name

:

Spinacia oleracea L.

English Name

:

Spinach

Synonym(s)

:

Spinacia domestica Borkh., Spinacia inermis Moench, Spinacia oleracea var. inermis (Moench) Peterm., Spinacia spinosa Moench

Family

:

Chenopodiaceae

 

General Info

Description

An annual plant (rarely biennial), which grows to a height of up to 30 cm. The leaves are alternate, simple, ovate to triangular-based, very variable in size from about 2-30 cm long and 1-15 cm broad, with larger leaves at the base of the plant and small leaves higher on the flowering stem. The flowers are inconspicuous, yellow-green, 3-4 mm diameter, maturing into a small hard dry lumpy fruit cluster 5-10 mm across containing several seeds.

Herb Effects

Carminative and laxative (plant); alexeteric, antioxidant, antipyretic, antiviral, aperitif, astringent, carminative, demulcent, diuretic, emollient, hypoglycemic, immunostimulant, laxative, litholytic, vermifuge (leaves); laxative and cooling (seeds)

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Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Alanine, alpha-linolenic acid, arginine, ascorbic acid, aspartic acid, beta-carotene, folacin, glutamic acid, glutathione, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, kaempferol, leucine, lysine, methionine, myristic acid, niacin, oleic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, pantothenic acid, phenyl alanine, riboflavin, stearic acid, thiamin, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, valine (plant); alpha-tocopherol, cephalin, ferulic acid, lecithine, oleic acid, p-coumaric acid, patuletin, quercetin, rutin (leaves)

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
Alanine 35597-43-4 2-[2-[2-amino-4-(hyd
roxy-methyl-phosphor
yl)-butanoyl]aminopr
opanoylami no]propa
noic acid
C11H22N3O6P Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Linolenic acid 94138-91-7 octadeca-9,12,15-tri
enoic acid
C18H30O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Arginine 7004-12-8 2-amino-5-guanidino-
pentanoic acid
C6H14N4O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Ascorbic acid Not Available 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one
C6H8O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Beta carotene 7235-40-7 3,7,12,16-tetramethy
l-1,18-bis(2,6,6-tri
methyl-1-cyclohexeny
l)-octadec a-1,3,5,
7,9,11,13,15,17-nona
ene
C40H56 Click Here To Enlarge
Folacin 6484-89-5 2-[4-[(2-amino-4-oxo
-1H-pteridin-6-yl)me
thylamino]benzoyl]am
inopentane dioic
acid
C19H19N7O6 Click Here To Enlarge
Glutamic acid Not Available 2-aminopentanedioic
acid
C5H9NO4 Click Here To Enlarge
Glutathione 27025-41-8 2-amino-5-[2-[2-(4-a
mino-4-carboxy-butan
oyl)amino-2-(carboxy
methylcarb amoyl)et
hyl]disulfanyl-1-(ca
rboxymethylcarbamoyl
)ethyl]amino-5-oxo-p
en tanoic acid
C20H32N6O12S2 Click Here To Enlarge
Glycine 87867-94-5 2-aminoacetic acid C2H5NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Histidine 6027-02-7 2-amino-3-(3H-imidaz
ol-4-yl)propanoic
acid
C6H9N3O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Isoleucine 319-78-8 2-amino-3-methyl-pen
tanoic acid
C6H13NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Kaempferol 80714-53-0 3-[3-[4,5-dihydroxy-
6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme thyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-oxan-2-yl
]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6
-(hydroxymethyl)oxan
-2 -yl]oxy-4,5-dihy
droxy-2-(4-hydroxyph
enyl)-chromen-7-one
C33H40O21 Click Here To Enlarge
Leucine 2439-37-4 2-dimethylamino-4-me
thyl-pentanoic acid
C8H17NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Methionine 348-67-4 2-amino-4-methylsulf
anyl-butanoic acid
C5H11NO2S Click Here To Enlarge
Myristic Acid Not Available Hexane C6H14 Click Here To Enlarge
Niacin 99148-57-9 pyridine-3-carboxyli
c acid
C6H5NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Oleic acid 8046-01-3 octadec-9-enoic acid C18H34O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Palmitic acid 66321-94-6 Hexadecanoic acid C16H32O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Palmitoleic acid 2091-29-4 (E)-hexadec-9-enoic
acid
C16H30O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Pantothenic acid 599-54-2 3-[(2,4-dihydroxy-3,
3-dimethyl-butanoyl)
amino]propanoic acid
C9H17NO5 Click Here To Enlarge
Phenylalanine 3617-44-5 2-amino-3-phenyl-pro
panoic acid
C9H11NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
Riboflavin Not Available Not Available C17H21N4O9P Click Here To Enlarge
Stearic acid 82497-27-6 octadecanoic acid C18H36O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Thiamin 59-43-8 2-[3-[(4-amino-2-met
hyl-pyrimidin-5-yl)m
ethyl]-4-methyl-1-th
ia-3-azoni acyclope
nta-2,4-dien-5-yl]et
hanol
C12H17N4OS+ Click Here To Enlarge
Threonine 632-20-2 2-amino-3-hydroxy-bu
tanoic acid
C4H9NO3 Click Here To Enlarge
Tryptophan 80206-30-0 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-
3-yl)propanoic acid
C11H12N2O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Tyrosine 556-02-5 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxy
phenyl)-propanoic
acid
C9H11NO3 Click Here To Enlarge
Valine 7004-03-7 2-amino-3-methyl-but
anoic acid
C5H11NO2 Click Here To Enlarge
alpha-Tocopherol 364-50-1 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-
2-(5,9,13-trimethylt
etradecyl)chroman-6-
ol
C30H52O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Cephalin Not Available Not Available Not Available
Ferulic acid 24276-84-4 3-(4-hydroxy-3-metho
xy-phenyl)prop-2-eno
ic acid
C10H10O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Lecithin 8057-53-2 Not Available Not Available Click Here To Enlarge
Oleic acid 8046-01-3 octadec-9-enoic acid C18H34O2 Click Here To Enlarge
P-coumaric acid 501-98-4 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)p
rop-2-enoic acid
C9H8O3 Click Here To Enlarge
Patuletin 519-96-0 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy
-6-methoxy-chromen-7
-one
C16H12O8 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercetin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy
-chromen-7-one
C15H10O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Rutin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
[(3,4,5-tr ihydroxy
-6-methyl-tetrahydro
pyran-2-yl)oxymethyl
]tetrahydropyran-2-y
l] oxy-chromen-7-on
e trihydrate
C27H36O19 Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

The plant has been used in the treatment of urinary calculi and diabetes. The use of leaves as food has been found effective against a wide range of diseases including anemia , anorexia, arthrosis, asthma, biliousness, cancer, cardiopathy, cataract, cerebrosis,, cholecystosis, colitis, constipation, dementia, dyspnea, enterosis, fatigue, fever, gas, gastrosis, hepatosis, HIV, hyperglycemia, immunodepression, jaundice, leukoderma, leukorrhea, lumbago, maculosis, nyctalopia, osteoporosis, pulmonosis, retinosis, scabies, sore throat, spina bifida, stroke, water retention . It also causes mental stimulation. The seeds have been used in the treatment of difficult breathing, inflammation of the liver and jaundice.

Reference

James A Duke and Maryl Fulton. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs - 2nd Edition, P: 691, CRC Press July 2002.

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